{"id":12080,"date":"2026-11-13T16:05:01","date_gmt":"2026-11-13T15:05:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/?p=12080"},"modified":"2026-11-13T16:05:02","modified_gmt":"2026-11-13T15:05:02","slug":"du-rouge-au-bleu-les-2nde-pro-laboratoires-experimentent-le-cuivre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/index.php\/2026\/11\/13\/du-rouge-au-bleu-les-2nde-pro-laboratoires-experimentent-le-cuivre\/","title":{"rendered":"Du rouge au bleu : les 2nde Pro Laboratoires exp\u00e9rimentent le cuivre"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-drop-cap wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Avez-vous d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu un m\u00e9tal dispara\u00eetre sous vos yeux, puis refaire surface comme si de rien n&rsquo;\u00e9tait ? C&rsquo;est l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rience v\u00e9cue par les \u00e9l\u00e8ves de <strong>2<sup>nde<\/sup> Pro ABIL Laboratoires <\/strong>lors de leurs premiers travaux pratiques de chimie. Blouse, lunettes, gants : nos apprentis laborantins ont suivi l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ment cuivre \u00e0 la trace.<br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><br>Au bec Bunsen : le cuivre noircit, puis retrouve ses couleurs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Tout commence au bec Bunsen. Enthousiastes mais tr\u00e8s prudents avec le br\u00fbleur, les \u00e9l\u00e8ves chauffent une lame de cuivre. \u00ab <em>Oh, c&rsquo;est chaud !<\/em> \u00bb lance l&rsquo;un d&rsquo;eux. Et il a raison : la temp\u00e9rature atteint 800 \u00e0 900 \u00b0C. En quelques secondes, le rouge brillant se couvre d&rsquo;une couche noire d&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre : le cuivre s&rsquo;est oxyd\u00e9 au contact du dioxyg\u00e8ne de l&rsquo;air.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-1&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading has-icon has-icon-right\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-1-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"accordion-item-1\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\"><strong>Oxydation du cuivre au bec Bunsen<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-1\" data-wp-bind--hidden=\"state.isHidden\" data-wp-on--beforematch=\"actions.handleBeforeMatch\" id=\"accordion-item-1-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>Le cuivre m\u00e9tallique rouge (Cu) r\u00e9agit \u00e0 chaud avec le dioxyg\u00e8ne de l&rsquo;air (O\u2082) pour former de l&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre II (CuO), un solide noir.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">2 Cu (s) + O\u2082 (g) \u2192 2 CuO (s)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1440\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1440 \/ 1440;\" width=\"1440\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-oxydation.mp4\"><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le cuivre solide rouge chauff\u00e9 devient de l&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre noir.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Mais l&rsquo;histoire ne s&rsquo;arr\u00eate pas l\u00e0. Les \u00e9l\u00e8ves p\u00e8sent 7,5 g de poudre noire d&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre et 0,57 g de carbone, soit la quantit\u00e9 exacte pour que tout r\u00e9agisse. \u00ab <em>Faut qu&rsquo;on soit pixel sur les balances ! <\/em>\u00bb pr\u00e9cise un \u00e9l\u00e8ve.  Ils m\u00e9langent les deux poudres, puis chauffent le tube. Dans la coupelle, bonne surprise : environ 6 g de cuivre sont de retour ! Le carbone a pris l&rsquo;oxyg\u00e8ne \u00e0 l&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre, c&rsquo;est une r\u00e9duction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-2&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading has-icon has-icon-right\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-2-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"accordion-item-2\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\"><strong>R\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre par le carbone<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-2\" data-wp-bind--hidden=\"state.isHidden\" data-wp-on--beforematch=\"actions.handleBeforeMatch\" id=\"accordion-item-2-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>Chauff\u00e9 avec le carbone (C), l&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre noir (CuO) est r\u00e9duit : le cuivre m\u00e9tallique (Cu) se r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e8re et du gaz carbonique (CO\u2082) se d\u00e9gage.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">2 CuO (s) + C (s) \u2192 2 Cu (s) + CO\u2082 (g)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1440\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1440 \/ 1440;\" width=\"1440\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-reduction.mp4\"><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Chauff\u00e9 avec du carbone, l&rsquo;oxyde de cuivre se r\u00e9duit pour restituer le cuivre rouge.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Quand la coupelle reste noire, c&rsquo;est que le m\u00e9lange n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas homog\u00e8ne. \u00ab <em>Allez, mode s\u00e9rieux activ\u00e9 ! <\/em>\u00bb motive l&rsquo;un d&rsquo;eux.  Les \u00e9l\u00e8ves recommencent, avec plus de soin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><br>Sous la hotte : le cuivre dispara\u00eet dans l&rsquo;acide nitrique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Place au grand spectacle, mais sous haute protection. Gants, lunettes, blouse et hotte en marche : les \u00e9l\u00e8ves se sentent rassur\u00e9s et confiants avec leurs \u00e9quipements. Et ils en ont besoin ! Au contact de l&rsquo;acide nitrique, le cuivre \u00ab dispara\u00eet \u00bb en quelques instants. \u00ab <em>Mortel, le gaz ! <\/em>\u00bb s&rsquo;exclame un \u00e9l\u00e8ve, et il n&rsquo;a pas tort : ce gaz roux est toxique, c&rsquo;est pourquoi tout le monde reste prudent et le laisse filer par la hotte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-3&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading has-icon has-icon-right\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-3-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"accordion-item-3\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\"><strong>Attaque du cuivre par l&rsquo;acide nitrique<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-3\" data-wp-bind--hidden=\"state.isHidden\" data-wp-on--beforematch=\"actions.handleBeforeMatch\" id=\"accordion-item-3-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>Le cuivre solide est oxyd\u00e9 en ions cuivre II (Cu\u00b2\u207a), responsables de la couleur bleue de la solution, avec d\u00e9gagement de dioxyde d&rsquo;azote (NO\u2082). <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Cu (s) + 4 HNO\u2083 (aq) \u2192 Cu\u00b2\u207a (aq) + 2 NO\u2083\u207b (aq) + 2 NO\u2082 (g) + 2 H\u2082O (l)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1440\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1440 \/ 1440;\" width=\"1440\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-dissolution.mp4\"><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">L&rsquo;acide nitrique dissout le cuivre solide en une solution bleue d&rsquo;ions cuivre II.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Puis les regards se tournent vers le tube : la solution est d&rsquo;un beau bleu, signature des ions cuivre II. Les \u00e9l\u00e8ves sont surpris par la disparition du cuivre, puis \u00e9merveill\u00e9s :  \u00ab <em>Trop styl\u00e9e, la couleur !<\/em> \u00bb admirent-ils.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:18px\"><br>L&rsquo;\u00e9lectrolyse : le cuivre refait surface<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Et si on r\u00e9cup\u00e9rait le cuivre d&rsquo;une solution d&rsquo;ions cuivre II ? Place \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9lectrolyse ! Un courant continu traverse la solution, et un d\u00e9p\u00f4t rouge\u00e2tre appara\u00eet sur la cathode. \u00ab <em>Ah ouais, chokbar !<\/em> \u00bb s&rsquo;enthousiasme un \u00e9l\u00e8ve. En effet, le cuivre qui avait \u00ab disparu \u00bb est bel et bien revenu, et les \u00e9l\u00e8ves sont interloqu\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-4&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading has-icon has-icon-right\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-4-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" id=\"accordion-item-4\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\"><strong>\u00c9lectrolyse  : r\u00e9duction \u00e0 la cathode<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-4\" data-wp-bind--hidden=\"state.isHidden\" data-wp-on--beforematch=\"actions.handleBeforeMatch\" id=\"accordion-item-4-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:14px\"><em>Les ions cuivre II (Cu\u00b2\u207a) captent deux \u00e9lectrons \u00e0 la cathode pour se d\u00e9poser sous forme de cuivre m\u00e9tallique solide (Cu).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Cu\u00b2\u207a (aq) + 2 e\u207b \u2192 Cu (s)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"1440\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1440 \/ 1440;\" width=\"1440\" controls src=\"https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-electrolyse.mp4\"><\/video><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Le courant \u00e9lectrique reforme un d\u00e9p\u00f4t de cuivre m\u00e9tallique rouge sur la cathode.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"font-size:18px\">Le cycle du cuivre<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Le cuivre a chang\u00e9 de forme (atome, oxyde, ion), mais jamais il n&rsquo;a disparu : c&rsquo;est la conservation des \u00e9l\u00e9ments.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"627\" src=\"https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-cycle-photos-1024x627.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12104\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-cycle-photos-1024x627.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-cycle-photos-300x184.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-cycle-photos-768x470.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-cycle-photos-1536x941.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.hdebalzac.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Cuivre-cycle-photos-2048x1254.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Sch\u00e9ma complet du cycle de l&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9ment cuivre et ses 4 transformations chimiques.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Rouge au d\u00e9part, noir sous la flamme, bleu dans le flacon, puis rouge \u00e0 nouveau sur la cathode : le cuivre a chang\u00e9 de couleur \u00e0 chaque \u00e9tape, mais jamais d&rsquo;identit\u00e9. Nos \u00e9l\u00e8ves l&rsquo;ont prouv\u00e9, m\u00eame quand l&rsquo;exp\u00e9rience leur r\u00e9sistait. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Bravo \u00e0 la classe de 2<sup>nde<\/sup> Pro ABIL Laboratoires pour sa curiosit\u00e9, sa prudence et sa pers\u00e9v\u00e9rance. \u00ab <em>Franchement, on a g\u00e9r\u00e9, merci pour les TP !<\/em> \u00bb  s&rsquo;accordent-ils \u00e0 dire.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Prochaines \u00e9tapes : le soufre et le calcium, avec leurs r\u00e9actions caract\u00e9ristiques, dont un gaz \u00e0 l&rsquo;odeur d&rsquo;\u0153uf pourri et un pr\u00e9cipit\u00e9 blanc. Les \u00e9l\u00e8ves n&rsquo;ont pas fini d&rsquo;\u00eatre surpris !<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Avez-vous d\u00e9j\u00e0 vu un m\u00e9tal dispara\u00eetre sous vos yeux, puis refaire surface comme si de rien n&rsquo;\u00e9tait ? 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